Microsoft Releases Free Tool for Hunting SolarWinds Malware

Meanwhile, researchers at SecurityScorecard say the fileless malware loader in the attack - Teardrop - actually dates back to 2017.

Organizations investigating whether they are victims of — or are still infected by — the so-called SolarWinds attack campaign now have access to a free toolkit Microsoft used to root out the malware in its own code.
Microsoft is offering the CodeQL queries it employed to analyze its source code in the wake of the SolarWinds breach discovery. CodeQL is a tool in GitHubs Advanced Security toolset; the queries Microsoft used with CodeQL root out code that contains similarities in patterns and functions to the SolarWinds binary. These queries can be used on any software for signs of the SolarWinds attack campaign.
And in a separate SolarWinds development, security researchers at SecurityScorecard say they have discovered that one piece of malware used in the SolarWinds attacks — the memory-only dropper dubbed Teardrop that profiled the victims network and systems environments — dates back to 2017 and appears to be associated with a single Russian cyber-espionage group.
This suggests Teardrop was likely used in other APT operations before SolarWinds by this nation-state hacking team, says Ryan Sherstobitoff, vice president of cyberthreat research and intelligence at SecurityScorecard, noting the earlier time frame associated with the malware.
Teardrop, which was named by FireEye in its analysis of the malware, was used to run Cobalt Strike BEACON, a command-and-control (C2) tool in the open source Cobalt Strike toolkit the attackers employed — most likely as a way to camouflage their activity.
FireEye first
went public in December
about the attack it had suffered at the hands of a malicious software update to its SolarWinds Orion software, and that its red-team tools had been stolen in the attack. FireEye initially described Teardrop — a dynamic link library (DLL) file payload delivered via the Sunburst Trojan (the first-stage malware in the attack) — as a piece of malware that didnt match any it had seen before.
TEARDROP does not have code overlap with any previously seen malware, FireEye wrote in its detailed
report in December
on the SolarWinds malware.
But Sherstobitoff says the C2 telemetry his team found shows that Teardrop was not necessarily built solely for the SolarWinds attacks, which were triggered in 2020 but test-run in October 2019. It pushes a lot of timelines much earlier than what people suspected, he says.
His team also confirms that the attacker behind SolarWinds is a single APT group out of Russia, targeting US organizations. Like other security vendors, SecurityScorecard wont name names, but experts surmise its the handiwork of the Russian SVR and its hacking team known as Cozy Bear.
Some 95% of victim organizations are in the US, the researchers found, and they reiterate that its most likely a cyber-espionage campaign as most experts believe. Even so, Sherstobitoff says because Teardrop opens a backdoor into the victim organization, the fear is that it could be used to drop other more destructive payloads. Teardrop itself was used mainly to fingerprint and profile the victims systems and networks.
The challenge is, are there third- or fourth-stage implants we dont know about? They may be highly custom, he says.
CodeQL
Meantime, Microsofts release of its CodeQL queries today could help root out attack code that could be deeply embedded in a victims network.
Anything thats able to look for behaviors or host-level artifacts will help [find] out if there are compromises from Teardrop or Sunburst because the command-and-control at this point is most likely offline, notes Sherstobitoff.
Microsoft said
the open source release
is an effort to share its findings on the malware attack, which it calls Solorigate.
With the increasing sophistication of attacks like Solorigate, its more important than ever for the security community to work together in transparency to share learnings where possible. Since these attacks were detected, weve worked closely behind the scenes with the security community and have published dozens of
technical updates and tools
to empower defenders, a Microsoft spokesperson said. The open sourcing of CodeQL queries is another example of how sharing techniques that Microsoft has found useful can give defenders the edge they need to help protect against sophisticated attacks.

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Microsoft Releases Free Tool for Hunting SolarWinds Malware